All aspects of cognitive functioning are affected. clouding of consciousness Ĭlouding of consciousness, also known as brain fog or mental fog, is a global impairment in higher central nervous functioning. Claparede's paradox Ĭlaparede's paradox refers to retention of non-verbal and implicit memory in people with Korsakoff's syndrome. Failure of apperception is seen in delirious states.Ĭlang associations are ideas that are related only by similar or rhyming sounds rather than actual meaning. A rare cause of mutism is akinetic mutism which results due to a lesion around the third ventricle of the brain.Īpperception is a normal phenomenon and refers to the ability to understand sensory inputs in their context, to interpret them and to incorporate them into experience. Mutism can be dissociative (hysterical) in which an individual (commonly a child or adolescent) stops speaking at once without involvement of any neurological or physical contributing factor or it can be elective (selective) in which a child does not speak at all in certain situations (such as in school) but speaks well in other conditions (like at home or at play). Mutism is absence of speech with apparently normal level of consciousness. It is one of the Schneiderian first rank symptoms and is defined as a true perception, to which an individual attributes a false meaning.Īphemia is the alternate term for mutism. This is an alternate term for delusional perception. It is commonly associated with periods of grief, schizophrenia and other emotional disturbances. The individual may attempt to walk, bumping into objects and injuring himself.Īnton syndrome is caused by damaging the occipital lobes bilaterally or from disrupting the pathway from the primary visual cortex into the visual association cortex.Īnwesenheit refers to the false perception of an unfamiliar presence. akathisia Īnton syndrome, occasionally known as Anton-Babinski syndrome, is a form of cortical blindness in which the individual denies the visual impairment. mistaking a shadow for the presence of a person, perceiving movement in peripheral when there is none.Īkataphasia (Kraepelin 1896) refers to a syntactic disturbance of speech resulting from dissolution of logical ordering of thoughts. Mild illusions or misperceptions associated with changes in mood e.g. These vision problems develop in the first few months of life.Īchromatopsia is different from the more common forms of color vision deficiency (also called color blindness), in which people can perceive color but have difficulty distinguishing between certain colors, such as red and green.
Affected individuals can also have farsightedness (hyperopia) or, less commonly, nearsightedness (myopia). Incomplete achromatopsia is a milder form of the condition that allows some color discrimination.Īchromatopsia also involves other problems with vision, including an increased sensitivity to light and glare (photophobia), involuntary back-and-forth eye movements (nystagmus), and significantly reduced sharpness of vision (low visual acuity). People with complete achromatopsia cannot perceive any colors they see only black, white, and shades of gray.
This term includes color blindness.Īchromatopsia is a condition characterized by a partial or total absence of color vision. The condition may range from subtle to overwhelming in severity.Īchromatopsia is a term referring to or acquired agnosia for color. The individual is unable to act or make decisions independently.
abulia Īboulia or Abulia, in neurology, refers to a lack of will or initiative. Sigmund Freud used hypnosis to rid his patients of pathological memories through abreaction.
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